Acetyl-L Carnitine is an amino acid naturally produced in the body. Its main benefit is that it helps produce energy which then can fuel any number of critical physiological functions. Its impact on energy makes it a valuable aid to cognitive function and it is used for Alzheimer’s Disease, memory loss, depression as well as Down Syndrome. It is also used to counter poor circulation in the brain as well as diabetic nerve pain.

Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) is produced in the body and can also be boosted by nutritional sources such as yeast, potatoes, spinach and some meats. It has anti-oxidant properties, thus protecting cells from damage. It is also used for diabetes where it might enhance the body’s ability to use insulin as well as reduce nerve damage like peripheral neuropathy, a finding that has led to extensive use for this purpose in Europe. ALA is also implicated in weight loss.

Alpha-GPC is a chemical released when some fatty acids break down.  The main result is an increase in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which plays a key role in memory and other cognitive functions. Thus Alpha-GPC is used  in the management of Alzheimer’s and other dementias as well as for improving memory, thinking and learning.

Ashwagandha is also known as the “Indian Ginseng” which calms the brain, reduces inflammation, lowers blood pressure, and boosts the immune system. Used in several cultures throughout history to enhance memory and learning as well as for arthritis, anxiety, insomnia, tuberculosis, asthma, bronchitis, backache, fibromyalgia, menstrual problems, and chronic liver disease. It is also an “adaptogen” used to help manage stress.

Astaxanthin is a carotenoid that gives a pink or red color to seafood such as sockeye salmon, red trout, red seabream, lobster, shrimp, crawfish, crabs, and salmon roe. As a powerful anti-oxidant it is taken by mouth in the management of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, high cholesterol, age-related macular degeneration, metabolic syndrome, as well as for improving exercise performance, and decreasing post-exercise muscle soreness.

Beet root has been used historically to enhance energy and stamina, and is a known vasodilator with studies suggesting that this action might protect against the risk of degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. It also has anti-oxidant properties and has been used in the management of liver diseases and fatty liver, as well as lowering levels of triglycerides and high blood pressure.

Vitamin B7, more commonly known as biotin, is a water-soluble nutrient that supports adrenal function, helps calm and maintain a healthy nervous system, and is necessary for key metabolic processes, such as the breaking down of carbohydrates and fats. Biotin is found in small amounts in many foods such as eggs, milk, or bananas.

Biotin is commonly used for hair loss and nervous system disorders such as nerve damage, and many other conditions like depression, exhaustion, hallucinations, and tingling of the arms and legs.

Boswellia is a large branching tree found In India. The resin of the tree, also known as frankincense, has been used herbally since ancient times, and the active ingredients, boswellic acid, have been found in recent research to provide various health benefits. These healing effects include:  reduced joint discomfort, enhanced cognitive functioning, improved mood, increased brain levels of Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF), and anti-oxidative properties.

Calcium is an essential mineral that is absolutely critical to maintain neuronal electro-potential. It is found in milk, kale, sardines, yogurt, dairy products, broccoli, as well as the calcium-enriched citrus juices, mineral water, and canned fish with bones.

Calcium is used for treatment and prevention of low calcium levels and resulting bone conditions including osteoporosis, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), leg cramps, high blood pressure in pregnancy (pre-eclampsia), and reducing the risk of colon and rectal cancers. Calcium carbonate is used as an antacid for “heartburn.”

Cayenne, found in black pepper, is shown to improve cerebral blood flow, as well as other benefits which include helping with weight loss by boosting metabolic rate, soothing cold symptoms and possibly preventing ulcers. It also has an active ingredient, capsaicin, which decreases the intensity of pain signals and is often found in pain-relieving creams.  

Chamomile has been used safely for 5000 years as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and  sleep aid. It is used in soaps and in food as a flavoring. Its relaxing properties make it useful in managing not only sleep but also other nervous conditions as well as ADHD. Its anti-inflammatory effects are used to counter swelling including allergic reactions and skin diseases.

Choline occurs naturally in the body but is also found in some foods like liver and brains. It is related to Phosphatidylserine and it, too, has important benefits for the brain. Initially developed in Japan for the treatment of stroke, it is used for the management of circulation problems, especially in the brain. So it is used for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, head trauma, stroke, age-related memory loss, Parkinson's disease, and attention deficit-hyperactive disorder (ADHD).

Chromium is an essential trace element found in broccoli, barley, oats, and green beans. It is important to glucose and insulin regulation and thus impacts energy and cell function. Chromium is therefore used for improving blood sugar control in people with pre-diabetes, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and high blood sugar in general. It is also used for depression, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), managing cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, heart attack, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and binge eating disorder.

CoQ10 is part of the Kreb’s cycle and thus important for cellular energy and function. It is found in fish, beef, chicken, nuts, seeds and also made naturally in the body. It has been used for preventing post-cancer treatment cell damage. Coenzyme Q10 has also been used for heart problems, hypertension, Parkinson's disease, and some genetic diseases like Huntington's disease and muscular dystrophy.

Copper is an essential trace element found in beef liver, sunflower, lentils, almonds, seafood, nuts, seeds, wheat bran cereals, grain and cocoa products. It is a key element present in all tissues and is required for cellular respiration, protein synthesis, neurotransmitter biosynthesis, pigment formation, and connective tissue strength. It is stored in bones and muscles and is regulated by the liver. Copper is used for anemia, bone issues like osteoarthritis, and healing.

DHA (DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID) is an Omega-3 fatty acid found in cold-water fish, including mackerel, herring, tuna, halibut, salmon, cod liver, and other seafood, with the potential to reduce inflammation. DHA is a precursor to the neuronal cell wall and can increase the thickness of the blood and lower triglyceride levels. It is used not only for cardiovascular problems but also for dementia, diabetes and ADHD. It is essential in the development of nerve membranes and is given to babies to enhance development. Because DHA is also implicated in the development and health of eye tissue it is also used in cases of Macular Degeneration.

Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid needed to make proteins and important chemicals like L-Dopa, epinephrine norepinephrine, and thyroid hormones. Found in meat, fish, dairy, and nuts, Phenylalanine has been used to manage mood as well as pain.

DMAE (dimethylaminoethanol) is both an antioxidant and double precursor to acetylcholine and phosphatidylcholine. It affects neurotransmission and can repair oxidative damage to the cell wall. Found in salmon, anchovies, sardines. DMAE is used for improving cognitive functions like memory.

EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid) is also an Omega-3 fatty acid with similar properties to DHA and found in the same foods. Often EPA and DHA, both precursors to the neuronal cell wall, work together to counter high cholesterol and blood pressure, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory conditions like ulcerative colitis and even for mood disorders or preventing migraines in teenagers. As an anti-inflammatory EPA and DHA can help with condition like cancer that involve high levels of inflammation.

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Flaxseed oil is a source of alpha-linolenic acid, which seems to have anti-inflammatory properties and is used to manage certain eye issues, atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, high cholesterol, osteo- and rheumatoid arthritis, anxiety, and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) is essential for DNA synthesis and repair and is critical to new neuron formation. Found in beans, lentil, spinach, avocado, leafy green vegetables, beef liver and kidney, as well as orange and tomato juice, it is also added by federal law, to carbohydrates, like cereal, flower, cakes and breads. Low folate levels can lead to anemia and malabsorption of nutrients as well as ulcerative colitis and liver disease. It is also used during pregnancy to prevent miscarriage and birth defects, as well as later in life to counter dementia, hearing and memory loss.

GABA (Gamma Amino Butyric Acid) is a key neurotransmitter, which actually blocks some neurotransmission leading to a less aroused nervous system. As a result GABA is considered a calming influence on the brain. Found in Kimchee, kefir, miso, sauerkraut, tempeh and yogurt and made in the brain, GABA is used for the management of anxiety, depression and insomnia as well as increasing human growth hormone. 

Garlic is another anti-inflammatory agent, with some studies suggesting it might have some benefit in the management of Alzheimer’s Disease.  One clove of raw garlic contains 5 mg of calcium, 12 mg of potassium, and many sulfuric compounds that can eliminate bacteria and heal infection. In some research trials, raw garlic lowers blood pressure, kills parasites and boosts the immune system.

Ginger is a plant with leafy stems and the ginger spice comes from the roots. Ginger is native to China, Japan, and India, but now is grown in the Middle East to use as medicine and with food. It is believed to reduce nausea and inflammation and is therefore used to manage a variety of stomach issues, like motion sickness and Irritable Bowel Syndrome as well as inflammatory conditions like arthritis, bronchitis and other respiratory conditions.

Grape seed has anti-inflammatory and vasodilating properties. Animal studies suggest grape seed extract may reverse hippocampal dysfunction thus improving memory by reducing oxidative stress and preserving mitochondrial function. Grape seed extract may even be useful as a preventative or therapeutic agent in Alzheimer's disease. Grape seed has also been used for blood circulation problems and certain eye problems as well as protection against cardiovascular disease.

Green Tea Leaf Extract is made by steaming, panfrying and drying the leaves of the Camellia Sinensis plant. During this process certain molecules, called polyphenols, are released, and research suggests that these chemicals can reduce inflammation, protect cartilage, reduce joint degeneration, possibly fight human papilloma virus (HPV) infections and limit the growth of certain cancerous cells. As a result it is used for various disorders such as ulcerative colitis, stomach disorders, bone loss, as well as Parkinson’s Disease, cardiovascular conditions, chronic fatigue syndrome and even diabetes. In addition, Green Tea Leaf extract also contains caffeine which can combine with other benefits to improve mental functioning.

Hops flower extract is an anti-oxidant, shown to be effective for neuronal protection. Mostly known for its part in the brewing of beer, it also used as  a flavoring in other foods and also is an ingredient in soaps and creams. It seems to have calming effects and is used  for insomnia, stress, ADHD, and irritability as well as in conditions like high cholesterol, tuberculosis, infections and nerve pain.

Huperzine A, derived from a plant called Chinese club moss, is a potent natural synaptic enzyme modulator which means that it stops the breakdown of  a neurotransmitter, making it more available. In this case that neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. Because of Acetylcholine’s importance to cognitive function, Huperzine is used in Alzheimer’s Disease, to enhance memory, alertness and learning and in the muscular condition myasthenia gravis. 

Iodine is an essential mineral found in  such foods as seaweed, cod, yogurt and most of all, in salt. It is mostly found in the ocean, which is why it tends to occur naturally in some seafood. The thyroid needs iodine to make hormones and iodine deficiency is a common global problem. Iodine also plays a major role in the development of the nervous system and is thus very important for both mother and baby during pregnancy. It is also possible that iodine deficiency might also increase the risk of cancers such as prostate, breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer. It is also used in cases of diabetes, heart disease and stroke. 

Iron is an essential mineral found in  such foods as liver, lamb, clams, muscles, oysters, pork, ham, chicken, fish, and beans. Iron is very important as an anti-oxidant as well as a critical coenzyme in the formation of neurotransmitters. It is also needed to transport oxygen and carbon monoxide to and from cells throughout the body. It is used in the management of ADHD, depression, fatigue and even for fertility.

L-Arginine is an amino acid found in red meat, poultry, fish, and dairy products. This amino acid is an integral component to the protein called Myelin Basic Protein, which is a necessary insulator to the neurons. It is also synthesized and used as a medication, often to improve circulation in those with cardiovascular conditions, blocked arteries, reduced cognitive capacity, and male sexual difficulties. It is also used in combination with medicines for migraines, countering the effects of chemotherapy, and for improved healing after surgery. It achieves many of these effects by being converted into nitric oxide, which opens blood vessels and stimulates growth hormone.

L-Citrulline is an amino acid named after the Latin word for watermelon and not surprisingly it is found in that fruit as well as onion, garlic and legumes. When combined with arginine (see this in our list) it creates Nitric oxide, which increases blood flow, thus allowing for more nutrients and oxygen to circulate. This is especially important for parts of the body that are not functioning well, as well as for overall health. It is used for cardiovascular problems, pain relief as well as an immune system booster.

L-Glutamine (glutamic acid) is a precursor to two of the neurotransmitters, glutamate and GABA.  It is the most widespread amino acid in the body, necessary for the making of proteins. Found in beef, chicken, fish, dairy, it is also found in plant-based foods such as corn and rice. L-Glutamine is used to manage some of the effects of medical treatments like cancer therapy, as well as for managing pain, some digestive disorders as well as depression, anxiety and insomnia.

L-Tyrosine is an amino acid that can be found in such foods as fish, eggs, nuts, beans, oats, meats and dairy products. It is also made in the body from phenylalanine. Tyrosine is involved in the creation of the key neurotransmitters dopamine as well adrenaline and noradrenaline and also the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). As a result L-Tyrosine is used for boosting mental performance, mood disorders, ADD and ADHD, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Disease as well as stress management. It is also used for cardiovascular issues, stroke and even sexual dysfunction.

Lecithin Oil is found in many foods, including  Brussel sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, soybeans and egg yolks. Lecithin is a fat that is essential for cells and is converted into acetylcholine, an important neurotransmitter. It is used for treating memory disorders, Alzheimer’s disease, as well as for gallbladder and liver disease, depression, anxiety and high cholesterol.

Lemon Balm extract has a main active gradient active ingredient called Rosmarinic acid. This limits the breakdown of the calming neurotransmitter GABA, and as a result promotes calmness and relaxation. It is therefore used for the management of anxiety, stress, mood disorders and sleep issues.

Magnesium is vital in the formation of metalloproteins involved in the Kreb’s cycle, which manages energy production, neurotransmitter release, and the production of glutathione, the body’s master antioxidant. It can be found in foods such as spinach, chard, pumpkin seeds, almonds, black beans and high fiber foods in general as well as in dairy products, meats, chocolate, and coffee. Low magnesium levels in the body are associated with diseases such as osteoporosis, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and stroke.

Magnesium is used for diseases of the heart and blood vessels including chest pain, irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure, heart valve disease (mitral valve prolapse), metabolic syndrome, coronary artery disease, stroke, and heart attack. Magnesium is also used for treating attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), Lyme disease, fibromyalgia, cystic fibrosis, mania,  diabetes, kidney stones, and migraine headaches, to name just a few. It also helps neutralize stomach acid.

Manganese is an essential element found in pineapples, pecans, almonds, peanuts, seeds, tea, whole grains, and leafy green vegetables. Manganese is important for the antioxidant functioning of many proteins, and for the processing of cholesterol, carbohydrates, and protein. It is also used for osteoporosis, anemia, and  premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms.

Molybdenum is an essential element found in lentil, peas, lima beans, kidney beans, soy beans, milk, cheese, cereal grains, leafy vegetables and organ meats. Molybdenum works to break down proteins and other substances and is a critical component of four molybdenum containing metalloenzymes, which are important for the processing of proteins, DNA, and for mitochondrial function.

Niacin (Vitamin B3) is an essential vitamin found in turkey, chicken, peanuts, mushrooms, yeast, meat, fish, milk, eggs, green vegetables, beans, and cereal grains. It is a vital part of the Krebs cycle, which is critical for energy production. As nerve cells are heavy users of energy, they wouldn’t be able to function without this key ingredient.

Niacin is used for high cholesterol. It is also used along with other treatments for circulation problems, migraine headache, dizziness, as well as cognitive issues and depression. Other uses include the management of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), memory loss, arthritis, lowering blood pressure, improving circulation and preventing cataracts.

Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) is a small molecule which has antioxidant properties and seems to exert neuro-protective effects which may have benefits in the aged and potentially cognitively impaired. Found in beans, parsley, potatoes, tomatoes, PQQ  works at a cellular level and seems to have a role in the critical energy regulating Krebs Cycle. 

Pantothenic acid, also known as B5, is another essential vitamin, which is necessary for energy production and consumption. It is found in chicken liver, sunflower seeds, salmon, avocado, meat, vegetables, cereal grains, legumes, eggs, and milk.

Pantothenic Acid is frequently used in combination with other B vitamins and has been used for treating many ailments: acne, allergies, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), heart failure, respiratory disorders, celiac disease, colitis, conjunctivitis, convulsions, depression, diabetic nerve pain, irritability, low blood pressure, multiple sclerosis, and muscular dystrophy to name a few.

Passion flower extract (passiflora incarnate) seems to have calming and relaxing properties. It is thus used to manage stress and anxiety, mood issues as well as insomnia.

PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE is found in eggs, soybeans, mustard, sunflower, and other foods. Not only is it a component of the neuronal cell wall, it's also a building block of the important neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is involved in memory and learning, and thus may help with cognitive functions such as memory, anxiety, mood disorders and even dementia. It is also used for treating hepatitis, eczema, gallbladder disease, high cholesterol, and premenstrual syndrome and for boosting the immune system and slowing down the aging process.

Phosphatidylserine is an all-important structural precursor of neurons and the myelin sheath that protects them. It is found in meat, fish, white beans, cabbage and soy, although the body can produce the substance, too. It is used mostly to improve cognitive function, especially in the elderly.

Phosphatidylserine is an important building block of cells, especially neurons. While the body can produce it, most of it is gained through foods such as cow brains, liver, kidneys, soy beans and cabbage. Phosphatidylserine is used to enhance cognitive performance and counter age-related decline, such as the symptoms found in Alzheimer’s disease. It is also used in younger people to improve thinking skills.

Potassium is an essential element found in sweet potato, potato, tomato, watermelon, dried fruits, cereals, beans and milk. Potassium is essential for neuronal communication and signaling as well as having a role in muscular contractions and fluid balance. It is used in the management of hypertension and stroke.

Potassium is an essential element found in sweet potato, potato, tomato, watermelon, dried fruits, cereals, beans and milk. Potassium is essential for neuronal communication and signaling as well as having a role in muscular contractions and fluid balance. It is used in the management of hypertension and stroke.

Quercetin is a flavonoid found in many plants and foods including apples, pepper, cherries, tomatoes, red wine, onions, green tea and Buckwheat tea. Quercetin has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and is thus used for variety of conditions including atherosclerosis, high cholesterol, heart disease, diabetes, cataracts,  peptic ulcer, gout, viral infections, chronic fatigue syndrome and for treating chronic infections of the prostate. Quercetin is also used to enhance athletic performance.

Resveratrol is found in the skin of red grapes, blueberries, peanuts, pistachios, cocoa, dark chocolate, and red wine. It is a potent antioxidant, and vasodilator, expanding blood vessels and decreasing pain and swelling. It is used for atherosclerosis, lowering "bad" (LDL)  and increasing “good” (HDL) cholesterol.

Rhodiola is an herb found in Europe and Asia that protects cells from damage and thus has multiple potential uses, including increasing energy, stamina, strength and mental capacity. It is also used to help the body adapt to and manage physical, environmental and chemical stress as well as in cases of irregular heartbeat, high cholesterol and depression. It might also boost the immune system and has also been used to fight colds and other infections.

Riboflavin is another essential vitamin involved in energy regulation and cellular activity and health. Roboflavin is found in beef liver, lamb, milk, yogurt, meat, eggs, nuts, enriched flour, and green vegetables. It is taken by mouth for acne, muscle cramps, carpal tunnel syndrome, and blood disorders as well as cataracts and glaucoma. Because of its impact on cells including neurons it is also used for cognitive impairment including Alzheimer's disease.

Rosemary is an herb, from which oil is extracted to help with the management of certain conditions. It appears to increase blood circulation and is used for digestion problems, liver and gallbladder issues, gout, headache, hypertension and cognitive decline.

Selenium is an essential mineral found in eggs, cheese, mushrooms, oats and wheat. It is a critical element  enzymes called Selenoproteins which are important in anti-oxidation. Also Seleno-proteins help boost GABA. Selenium is used for cardiovascular issues like stroke and atherosclerosis, mood disorders, chronic fatigue,  as well protection against  various cancers including cancer of the prostate, stomach, lung, and skin.

Soy Lecithin is an emulsifier found in many products, especially processed foods. Lecithin is an essential fat and has been used for help with Alzheimer’s disease, anxiety, depression, eczema, high cholesterol, as well as gallbladder and liver problems.

Soybean oil is produced from the seeds of the soybean plant. Plant sterols, chemicals derived from soybean oil, can decrease cholesterol absorption and it is thus used to lower total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. It is also used to treat osteoarthritis.

Taurine, like L-argenine, is a “conditional” rather than an “essential” amino acid, which means it can be produced by the human body as well as absorbed through nutrients. Taurine is found in meat, fish and beast milk, as infants can’t make taurine. Taurine lowers blood pressure and improves heart function and is used in the management of hepatitis, cystic fibrosis and seizure disorders. Some studies suggest that Taurine can improve physical performance and when combined with caffeine might also increase cognitive function.

Thiamin (vitamin B1) is an essential vitamin found in green peas, asparagus, Brussels sprouts, sesame seeds, cereals and bread. All organisms use thiamine, but it is made only in bacteria, fungi, and plants so other animals must ingest it. It has a major impact on the energy regulating Krebs cycle and thus on cellular activity. It is sued for diabetes, heart failure and brain conditions including Alzheimer’s Disease.

Turmeric has been used throughout history in Ayurvedic medicine, as a mood stabilizer, especially for depression, a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. It might have some value in preventing certain sorts of cancer as well as in the management of cystic fibrosis and cardiovascular disease.

Valerian is a herb and its health benefits are made from the root extract. Its effects are mainly soothing the brain and nervous system. Consequently it is used for those who have difficulty sleeping, which includes those trying to withdraw from sleep medications and those with sleep disorders. It is also used to help manage the consequences of stress, like headaches, migraines, anxiety, mood disorders, as well as ADHD and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

Vitamin A (Retinyl acetate, beta carotene) is also an essential vitamin, critical to neurogenesis, the creation and cultivation of new nerve cells that continues through the lifespan. Found in liver, sweet potato, kale, carrots, Vitamin A is used in treating eye disorders, skin conditions, headaches, asthma, kidney conditions, and various issues in the nervous system. It is also used in cancer treatment, protecting the cardiovascular system and boosting immunity.

Along with B9, Vitamin B12 is necessary for DNA synthesis, which in turn  is necessary for the creation of new nerve cells. Vitamin B12 can be found in foods such as meat, fish, sardines and dairy products and also synthetically produced. It is often taken in combination with other B vitamins.

Vitamin B12 is used for Alzheimer's disease, to boost mood, energy, cognitive function and the immune system. It is also used for heart disease, clogged arteries, male infertility, diabetes, diabetic nerve damage, sleep disorders, depression, mental disorders, asthma, allergies,  and skin infections. It is also used for shingles, chronic fatigue syndrome, bleeding, psoriasis, liver and kidney disease.

Vitamin B6 (pyroxidine) is an essential vitamin that along with Vitamin B2 is necessary in the production of catecholamines and the neurotransmitters dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine. It is critical for healthy development of the brain, skin and other parts of the body. It is found in chick peas, beef, liver, tuna, salmon and eggs. It can also be synthesized.

Vitamin B6  is also used for heart disease, high cholesterol, Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Down syndrome, diabetes and related nerve pain, migraine headaches, asthma, carpal tunnel syndrome, muscle cramps, arthritis, allergies, acne and infertility. It is also used for dizziness, motion sickness, preventing macular degeneration, seizures, and movement disorders.

Vitamin C, a powerful anti-oxidant and a co-enzyme in the manufacture of catecholamines, can be found in fresh fruits and vegetables, especially citrus fruits. 

Vitamin C is used for preventing and treating the common cold and other infections including gum disease, acne, bronchitis, depression, cognitive issues, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, physical and mental stress, fatigue, and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Vitamin C might have some cardiovascular benefits and is also used for glaucoma, preventing cataracts, prevention of gallbladder disease, Lyme disease, and generally boosting the immune system.

Vitamin D3 is an essential vitamin that helps to absorb and use Calcium.  This is not just important for bone health but general health because without calcium neural communication is significantly impaired.  Vitamin D is found in beef, liver, cheese, egg yolks and fish. It is also made in the body when exposed to sunlight. In addition to treating bone conditions,  Vitamin D is also used with other medications to treat low levels of calcium caused by parathyroid issues or kidney disease.

Vitamin E (Tocopherol) is an essential vitamin that reverses oxidative damage within the cell membrane of all neurons. Without this vital biomolecule, neurons would simply accumulate damage, decreasing in functionality, until unable to function at all. Vitamin E has been used for certain cardiovascular conditions, Diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and for epilepsy, as well as other conditions involve nerves and muscles like Huntington's chorea. It is also used for cataracts, respiratory infections, skin disorders, infertility, and certain inherited diseases. It is found in almonds, spinach, avocado, vegetable oils, meat poultry and eggs.

Vitamin K (phytomenadione) is an essential vitamin found in kale, collard green, spinach, brussel sprouts, and broccoli. It is essential for the development of new cells as it has a major role in the clotting of blood. It is used to reverse the effects of “blood thinning” medications and to treat bleeding caused by medications. It is also used in cases of bone loss or disease as well as applied topically to remove bruises, scars as well as rosacea. It also used after surgery to speed healing.

Zinc, called an “essential trace element,” is vital in the formation of metalloproteins, which are involved in nucleic acid synthesis. The body can’t make new cells without DNA, and so cells would stop functioning without zinc. Zinc is found in meats, seafood, dairy products, pumpkin seed, chickpeas, cashews, legumes, and whole grains.

Zinc is used for boosting the immune system, treating the common cold, ear and lower respiratory infections, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), ringing in the ears (tinnitus), Crohn’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Down syndrome, ulcerative colitis, and peptic ulcers.